Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe has a three-branch division-of-powers form of government, with an Executive Branch, Legislative Branch and Judicial Branch.

The Executive Branch departments provide services to Band members including administration, community development, education, health and human services, and natural resources.

The Judicial Branch preserves and maintains justice and accords equal rights, equal protection, and equal opportunity for Band members under Band laws and statutes.

The Band's Reservation consists of three districts composed of several distinct communities: District I, District II, District IIA, and District III.